Cultural Diversity All Clients Who Seek Health Care Services Should Be Treated the Same Essay Example

Social Diversity All Clients Who Seek Health Care Services Should Be Treated the Same Essay Presentation Crime is a demonstration or oversight restricted and rebuffed by law (The Collins Concise Dictionary Plus, Collins London and Glasgow 1990). Wrongdoing can be submitted against an individual, spot or organization. In this paper 4 sorts of wrongdoings will be clarified, characterized and estimated, alongside pervasiveness and guilty party/casualty attributes. How would we characterize property related misdemeanors, rough violations, cushy wrongdoings and Internet violations? †¢ Property violations are characterized and sorted as family and vehicle robbery, thievery, fire related crime, burglary including shoplifting, pick taking, pack grabbing, spray painting and vandalism Violent wrongdoings, being murder, seizing/snatching, ambush, rape, following, aggressive behavior at home and youngster maltreatment against an individual †¢ cubicle violations characterized as violations or exercises that incorporate burglary, extortion, double dealing, misappropriation hurt ful practices, natural or wellbeing and security perils †¢ Internet wrongdoings comprising of digital wrongdoings, theft, fakes, wholesale fraud, digital following, PC hacking and abhor/unsafe discourse and revolting symbolism. What are property related misdemeanors, rough wrongdoings, cubicle violations and Internet wrongdoings? Case of property related misdemeanors is breaking into a vehicle and the taking of a cell phone, intruding into a property to submit an offense or the setting of fire to property. In contrast to Property violations, vicious wrongdoings are submitted against an individual and as such clarified as the obscene ambush of an individual/s without wanting to, ending an existence with or without goal to execute, taking of an individual without wanting to or dangers, power or savagery against individual. As a rule there is no concurred definition for office wrongdoing. Or maybe, the term covers a scope of crimes or penetrate of administrative exercises attempted by exceptionally respected experts/instructed proficient in places of trust, for example, boss gives deficient working conditions making genuine individual injury representatives or organization chief deludes investors about its fin ancials and keeps on working paying little heed to its powerlessness to pay obligation. We will compose a custom paper test on Cultural Diversity All Clients Who Seek Health Care Services Should Be Treated the Same explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Cultural Diversity All Clients Who Seek Health Care Services Should Be Treated the Same explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Cultural Diversity All Clients Who Seek Health Care Services Should Be Treated the Same explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Web wrongdoing is clarified as the unapproved access of and taking of money related records or damage of a people PC, unlawful downloading of films or tunes and counterfeit sites set up to lure the clueless individual to offer access to their own subtleties and records. How would we measure property related misdemeanors, brutal wrongdoings, clerical violations and Internet wrongdoings? We can quantify distinguished and announced property related misconduct by means of regulatory information. Regulatory information gives an elevated level of property related misconduct announcing, for the most part in light of the fact that there is less dread or disgrace from revealing of property related misdemeanors and furthermore police reports are regularly required for protection detailing prerequisites. Its confinement is it doesn't include undetected and unreported wrongdoing known as the ‘dark figure’ of wrongdoing (Coleman Moynihan, 1996). Identified and detailed brutal wrongdoing can be estimated utilizing authoritative information. Savage wrongdoing can likewise be estimated by exploitation and scientist overviews where casualties don't report wrongdoing for different reasons, for example, casualties regularly knowing the guilty party as well as dread of retaliation. The Australian Bureau of Statistics Administrative information on wrongdoing exploitation can be gotten from various sources including police, emergency clinics and network administration offices. Web wrongdoings have significant lower revealing under regulatory information due to the non recognition or casualties uninformed they have been a casualty of web wrongdoing. We can quantify web wrongdoing by overviews, for example, exploitation studies or estimation against the continuous degree of the wrongdoing. Salaried wrongdoing except for extortion under criminal law is amazingly hard to gauge because of the intricacy of every wrongdoing/action, a few exercises are viewed as administrative and not criminal and the understandings of a wrongdoing/movement can be seen distinctively among casualties. This sort of wrongdoing/movement is by and large got through administrative reviews, routine checks and examination units, for example, specific wrongdoing offices, police extortion or important controllers. Despite the various kinds of information and reviews accessible, nobody revealing measure gives a genuine demonstrative image of wrongdoing. How would we accumulate information on property related misdemeanors, savage wrongdoings, office violations and Internet violations? Detailed property related misconduct and brutal wrongdoing information can be accumulated by utilizing official wrongdoing insights, police reports, restorative help reports, higher, magistrates’ and children’s courts of Australia, reports and protection reports. Undetected and unreported information for fierce wrongdoing information can be assembled by means of subjective techniques and quantitative overviews. A few instances of such are The National Youth Survey, The Rand Tri-State Inmate Survey, The Liverpool Desistance Study, Snowball examining, authoritative and observational information. Specialists likewise assemble information from past, present and additionally imprisoned guilty parties just as the overall population which give data not just about the commonness of undetected and unreported wrongdoing however why individuals carry out violations. Social occasion information on web wrongdoing is troublesome. Overviews, for example, the 2005 Australian PC wrongdoings and security review, directed by AusCERT, Australian High Tech Crime Center and different state, an area and government police organizations give a demonstrative example. Specialists assemble information from cubicle wrongdoings through managerial information, for example, criminal extortion reports, exploitation studies, state and domain police organizations just as the Australian Payments Clearing Association. Aside from misrepresentation, gathering information on office wrongdoing is incredibly troublesome as most casualties don’t report. What wrongdoing/exercises have happened is assembled through reports from police and security offices and government reports. A few exercises are discounted by the casualty with the expectation that the conduct/episode isn't rehashed. What do we think about the run of the mill guilty parties and survivors of property related misconduct, fierce wrongdoing, salaried wrongdoing and Internet wrongdoing? There has all the earmarks of being overpowering proof from research that underpins the decision that age is a factor inside property related misconduct qualities. There is a fundamentally higher portrayal that happens in center to late pre-adulthood and dies down in early adulthood for property related misconduct. This is believed to be related with â€Å"adolescent rebelliousness†. A neglected quality of youth is that they are likewise more probable, measurably, to be survivors of wrongdoing. Most of wrongdoing casualties are male younger than 25. This is distinctive to the prevalent view that would propose something else. It is regularly seen that more established individuals have a more serious hazard nonetheless, overviews have distinguished that more established individuals, and specifically ladies give off an impression of being increasingly dreadful of wrongdoing not casualties of wrongdoing. Brutal wrongdoing has a sexual orientation separated nature. Information proposes that roughly 80% of wrongdoings are perpetrated by guys and 90% of vicious violations are submitted by guys. This is upheld by feelings and jail populaces. To comprehend the people in question, it should be separated to increasingly explicit classes of savage violations. For instance, guys will in general be casualties of homicide or endeavored murder and attack, female are excessively spoken to as survivors of rape, grabbing/snatching. Despite the fact that guys have all the earmarks of being exceptionally spoken to in the two guilty parties and casualty classes of rough wrongdoing, this doesn't give off an impression of being the situation inside classifications of cushy wrongdoing, for example, misrepresentation. The proportion of female guilty parties to male wrongdoers is higher than that of some other classification with proportion of 66% male to 33% female. There likewise gives off an impression of being a bizarre connection between recurrent guilty parties and rehash casualties. Numerous casualties are deceived over and over. It is proposed that residencies with low occupation rates are regularly the objective of rehash robberies. Jail populaces additionally propose an excessively higher populace of recurrent guilty parties. There seems, by all accounts, to be little information that portrays the people in question or guilty parties corresponding to web wrongdoing. Nonetheless, it could be guessed that an incredible extent of male guilty parties would likewise be spoken to inside this class. What amount of property related misconduct, savage wrongdoing, clerical wrongdoing and Internet wrongdoing is there in our locale? Wrongdoing measurements for our nearby network has been drawn from Victorian Police locale 4 insights. Insights for postcode 3129, inside this locale for 2008 and 2009 utilizing per 100,000 populace proposes property harm, robbery of and from engine vehicles and private theft had decreased generously however fierce violations including wrongdoings against the individual and ambush had expanded. Web wrongdoings and cubicle violations were not accessible. Insights for the province of Victoria demonstrated property related misconduct, for example, theft, thievery and burglary or and from engine vehicles was down where as savage violations, for example, ambush had expanded. Is property related misconduct, savage wrongdoing, cubicle wrongdoing and Internet wrongdoing on the ascent, is it stable or is it declining? Taking into consideration varieties inside revealing strategies and study results, there gives off an impression of being steady proof that recorded wrongdoing measurements show propert

Auditing- report of the real good food Assignment

Examining report of the genuine great food - Assignment Example Genuine Good Food PLC is a vigorously enhanced organization that fabricates and appropriates an assortment of items like sugar, preparing fixings, dairy items, jam and sweet pastry shop items (Real Good Food PLC 2015). The way things are, the organization claims the biggest sugar conveyance arrange in the United Kingdom. Genuine Good Food plc takes an interest in different market areas, for example, the discount, retail, producing, food administration and fare. The company’s creation and appropriation exercises are worked under six business divisions (Napier Brown, Real Good Food Europe, Renshaw, Garrett Ingredients, R&W Scott and Hayden Bakery) that provisions items to a larger piece of the Eurozone (Annual Report: Real Good Food PLC 2014, pp. 1-3). The utilization of sugar worldwide has expanded by over 20% over the most recent ten years meaning an expansion from around 140 million tons to 170 million tons as of now devoured on a yearly premise. The Eurozone utilization measurements show utilization pace of 16.5 million tons. The expansion in sugar utilization rate presents a development open door for Real Good Food PLC. Notwithstanding, it is expected that some major political variables may make a good circumstance for the misuse of the chance. The entire world is getting sharpened to the wellbeing impacts of sugar. Most countries, explicitly in the west, look to actualize exchange strategies and wellbeing guidelines that will set the standard of sugar substance in the fabricated items (Annual Report: Real Good Food PLC 2014, pp. 10). What's more, the creation is influenced by antagonistic climate conditions that have seen the worldwide sugar creation rate diminish. The costs of sugar are on the ascent because of the decrease in the flexibly yet expanded interest. The financial presentation, as estimated by the market capitalization, of the sugar delivering organizations has declined because of the lessening in the stock costs. Luckily, the

Primacy and recency effect essay

Primacy and recency effect essay Definition of primacy effect The primacy effect describes the situation when after a reading of long list of items, the person is more likely to remember the first few items of the list than later lists parts. There is an investigation of this phenomenon: participants observe a list of words by the fixed period. Later they are asked to recall as many as possible words from the list. As a result, participants recall words from the beginning of the list more often that they remember words from later parts of the list. Actually, this phenomenon explains that a human has two different systems of memory: a short-term store and a long-term store. So why we remember the words from the first part of list better than other words? During the research, it was found that first words are repeated more often compared to others. When we repeat an item more often, it activates a long-term memory, so we get a better chance to remember this item, compared with other items that were repeated less often. The primacy effect can be found when people watch a TV commercial: when participants were watching a TV program that was interrupted by commercials, they recalled first three commercials better than those that was showed later in the block. Definition of recency effect The recency effect is a phenomenon that shows we can better remember the more recent information much better than all information that was presented earlier. We can investigate how this effect affects our impressions. For example, if to describe a person with three negative characteristics followed by three positive characteristics, this person would be estimated more positively than if we describe a person by the same characteristics that put in opposite way (at start positive characteristics and then negative). Needless to say that for us its more simple to remember more recent information: according to many studies, people better recall the nearest past events compared to remote past events. There are two factors that affect the appearance and intensity of recency effects: 1) task factor â€" means how the current task was structured and represented to participants of research; 2) processing factor â€" how participants process the information theyve got. The primacy and the recency effects are the opposite things that have an important value in many investigations of human memory processes.

Evaluation Of The United States - 1422 Words

evaluate at the present time. However, it would have been conceivable to retain just-in-time production in the near future. As an underlying response to unreliability brought on by the terrorist danger, a few producers no more depend on just-in-time deliveries (World Ocean Review, 2010). America s seaports and the federal government united to make significant gains in bracing and solidifying port facilities against intruder attacks. From that point forward, public port authorities have made terrorism detection and counteractive action one of their top needs. With the consolidated efforts of port authorities and activities of government organizations inside the FBI and Department of Homeland Security (DHS), including the U.S. Coast Guard, Customs and Border Protection (CBP), Transportation Security Administration (TSA), Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), Immigration and Customs Enforcement and the Domestic Nuclear Protection Office, ports are fundamentally more secure now than preceding 9/11 (Maritime Journal, 2011). Lastly, since 9/11, the Port Security Grant Program has received approximately $2.6 billion in support for 11 rounds of grant awards. AAPA praises Congress and the Organization for the provisions and will continue recommendations for the government submission of $400 million a year for a different and devoted project to assist port facilities for improvement of their physical security. The organization supports a risk-based assessment that permits allShow MoreRelatedEvaluation Of Mentoring Programs For The United States1732 Words   |  7 Pagesfocus on alleviating the mass poverty that was caused by industrialization, immigration, and urbanization (2014). Blakeslee and Keller state that â€Å"The highly renowned Big Brothers Big Sisters of America (BBBS) mentoring program, for example, began in 1904 in New York City and today consists of over 375 agencies serving more than 210,000 youth across the United States† (2012). Matz (2014) argues that though mentoring programs are compatible with a large range of sociological and criminological theoriesRead MoreMedical Evaluations Between The United States Essay2306 Words   |  10 PagesApproximately 56.7 million people in the United States have a disability—a statistic that has increased by 2.2 million people within the past five years—which breaks down to about 1 in every 5 Americans. 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During the late 18th century there were hardly any instances of whatRead MoreEthics, Law And The History Of The Global Finance Capital1080 Words   |  5 PagesLaw and the History of the Global Finance Capital December 14, 2016 Finance and Funding in United States Refugee Resettlement: A System Evaluation The United States resettles thousands of refugees every year from all over the globe. Once a refugee goes through an application process and is approved to be resettled in the United States, the official process of resettlement can begin. How does the United States fund refugee resettlement? Are the allocated funds being used in an effective way that allowRead MoreInternational Mathematics And Science Study910 Words   |  4 PagesMany students in the United States are not ready to compete in a society that demands critical thinking, the ability to problem-solve, and to work with others (Team Pennsylvania Foundation, 2011). 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The One Thing to Do for Different College Essay Topics

The One Thing to Do for Different College Essay Topics Order top-notch essay at this time and certified specialists will do their very best to supply you with higher quality at affordable price. Describe why you wish to change that and what could occur if you've changed that. Continue reading for more tips about how to compose a terrific college essay, even when you don't feel you've got anything interesting to write about. Fortunately, colleges will think something similar about you in the event that you choose to incorporate your love of literature in your essay. Many students might not have the opportunity to do enough research into the topic available, or might not have the essential writing skills, especially when it has to do with police brutality essays as that may require knowing and understanding many legal terms. It is crucial to realize that the admission counselor reading your essay may not know about your sport and will most likely have no emotional attachment to the results of the District 5 semi-final game. A superb way to begin a college essay writing is to write about something or somebody you admire. All story essays are likely to have heroes, creating, climax, and most of all, a strategy. Actually, oftentimes the most efficient essays tell tiny stories that illustrate a bigger personality trait or passion. Different College Essay Topics Features Film essay writing can be an extremely attention-grabbing project for a consequence of you don't need to devote hours and hours into research work. There are lots of writing services out there which are offering to compose your essay for a fee. Writing application essays is among the most stressful areas of the college application practice. Discovering the best custom essay writing service is simply not a very simple endeavor. It's therefore important to thoroughly consider different college essay topics. In some instances, the college will offer an essay topic for you. If you're looking for college essay examples, here's a great one below. Categories, essay topics might be divided into. Colleges can tell whenever your essay is merely a form essay. Colleges want a feeling of maturity and introspectionpinpoint the transformation and demonstrate your private growth. High school is just one of the most crucial elements of the student's life, because it's the part they enjoy more. It is also the time in which the parents pressure the students do the work required in order to graduate. Top Choices of Different College Essay Topics A lot of essays are doctored or written by other individuals, she explained. Application essays about challenges reveal how you respond to difficulty to folks who are quite interested in how you'll take care of the subsequent four years by yourself. You ought to bear in mind that a paper preparation is composed of a few stages, and editing is merely one of them. At the business standpoint, you also need to compose articles. You're able to write a couple of drafts on the identical topic if it has good potential, or switch topics if needed. At the same time that you can look all over for an excellent process essay topic before finding one, it's a superb concept to brainstorm if you're really stuck. Thanks to the correct option of presentation style and a thorough understanding of the goals you need to attain in your essay, there are many categories essay themes may be broken into. In order, you will find proposal essay ideas on our website. The thesis could be included at the beginning of the paper. Two new essay options are added, and a number of the previous questions are revised. College is an intellectual place so attempt to convince the board that you're the appropriate person in their opinion. Colleges are not searching for perfect folks. They want to get to know more about you. They are more likely to admit students who can articulate specific reasons why the school is a good fit for them beyond its reputation or ranking on any list. Writing the college application essay is a difficult gig. Selecting a boring topic since it is simple to write about. If you're applying to a college that doesn't accept the Common App, you will have to answer their precise essay questions.

On ‘Mending Wall’ by Robert Frost Free Essays

From the very title of this poem Robert Frost implies his intention of presenting an everlasting barricade in human relationship, symbolized by the image of a wall. Close analysis reveals a work that functions on many levels. On the surface, ‘Mending Wall’ pictures a scene in which the narrator and his neighbor cooperate with one another to mend a cracked wall and then begin a reasoning dispute over the significance/insignificance of having a wall between them. We will write a custom essay sample on On ‘Mending Wall’ by Robert Frost or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, as the poem develops, more underlying conflicts are unfolded which cast a different light on the scene before the readers. Frost takes on these issues to explore some of the more complex aspects of human relationship in modern days. The poem opens with a comment of the puzzled narrator about an unknown force that ‘sends the frozen-ground-swell under it/And spills the upper boulders in the sun’, producing measurable gaps in the wall. By the use of an unlikely compound noun: ‘frozen-ground-swell’, instead of a proper word, such as ‘ice’ or ‘icicle’, and the failure to relate the cracks as consequences of the former phenomenon the comment is likely to be the voice of a youth as well as a remark to the natural wonder. Then the depiction of gaps caused by hunters disrupts the scene and brings in a preliminary conflict within the narrator’s mind; that is, ironically, the narrator approves only of natural cracks in a wall not the man-made ones. He reasons that man-made gaps are forceful, destructive and merely for a personal purpose: ‘To please the yelping dogs’. On the contrary, with the pausing effect of a Caesura as well as end stops and the use of words with long vowel sounds in a line followed closely by short vowel sounds in another: ‘To please the yelping dogs. The gaps I mean, [short vowel sounds; No one has seen them made or heard them made, long vowel sounds] But at spring mending-time we find them there,’ the narrator expresses his wonder and admiration to a naturally-cracked wall. This preference foreshadows the narrator’s calm but cold reaction on mending a wall at the end of the poem. In line 11, ‘But at spring mending-time we find them there’, along with the rebirth of spring emerge gaps in a wall, coordinated reparation as well as a remarkable irony in ‘mending wall’, all of which prepare the ground for the central conflict of modern human relationship. Acknowledged of the mending time the narrator and his neighbor gather together in order to fulfill gaps in a wall. At this stage, the two characters are unified as the first person plural ‘we’, signifying the sense of unity and cooperation. This is indeed an irony; the narrator and his neighbor become cooperative in order to be separate: ‘[†¦] we meet [†¦] and set the wall between us once again’. In addition, the description of the reparation is ornamented with quick, joyful but thoughtless rhythm, following from repetitive use of enjambment and childlike metaphor: ‘Some [stones] are loaves and [†¦] balls’. Such playful words and rhythm characterize many childlike aspects of the narrator. He is initiative and enthusiastic: ‘I let my neighbor know beyond the hill’; he is imaginative in a childlike way: ‘Some are loaves and some so nearly balls/We have to use a spell to make them balance’. In fact, repairing a wall is a tough work: ‘To each the boulders that have fallen to each. [unstressed ending] †¦ †¦ †¦ †¦ We have to use a spell to make them balance: [unstressed ending] â€Å"Stay where you are until our backs are turned!† We wear our fingers rough with handling them. Oh, just another kind of outdoor game’, hinted by such examples as the effect of interrupting uneasiness from continuous unstressed ending and some words, including ‘have to’, ‘spell’, and ‘rough’, that connote hardship. While mending the wall, the narrator is, however, overwhelmed thoughtlessly with joyful physical recreation and sense of collaboration with his neighbor. Even though he has remarked somewhere that the wall is set up again, the narrator seems ironically ignorant to the fact that ‘mending wall’ will later disunify his sense of ‘we’, the togetherness between himself and his neighbor. Once he realizes it an argument will be unavoidable. At a particular point, ‘One on a side’ , Frost allows his narrator a pause for reasoning thoughts by applying a long-vowel sound followed immediately by a Caesura. The pause as well as the subsequent statement: ‘It comes to little more’, reports a wondering tone and suggests in some way that the narration is developing his intellectual maturity. He begins his first argument against the significance of ‘mending wall’, saying innocently ‘My apple trees will never get across/And eat the cones under his pines’. He fails to argue his neighbor’s murmur: â€Å"Good fences make good neighbors†, though. Further on the main conflict of a revolutionary mind versus a conservative one has fully developed, illustrating Frost’s concerned awareness of mental gaps in modern relationship. The unified ‘we’ has been split perpetually into two independent units: ‘I’ the revolutionary and ‘He’ t he conservative. No longer a pleasant wonder, the ‘spring mending-time’ has now become mischievous to the revolutionary mind. The narrator who once eagerly informed his neighbor of the mending-wall time would now prefer a world without borders and a neighborhood without ‘fences’. The narrator, having passed the verge of maturity, bursts out a train of spicy, reasonable arguments made firm and effective by the use of rhetorical questions and enjambment: â€Å"Why do they make good neighbors? Isn’t it Where there are cows? But here there are no cows Before I built a wall I’d ask to know What I was walling in or walling out, And to whom I was like to give offense.† He views a ‘wall’ no longer as a springtime recreation nor a symbol of neighborliness and collaboration. It is a sign of ‘offense’, and he ‘wants it down’. Nonetheless, the narrator only ‘puts a notion [about the uselessness of a wall] in his [neighbor’s] head’ and refuses the use of force, even though he realizes that verbal encouragement may not work. The reason lies in his earlier detestation about the ‘work of hunters’. That is, the narrator regards himself as ‘apple orchard’, polychromatic, fruitful trees of knowledge that make man civilized. Consequently, he would not degrade himself into the level of ‘yelping dogs’ just to ‘have the rabbit(an intended metaphor for his neighbor) out of hiding’. He would rather have nature –as he could say â€Å"elves†Ã¢â‚¬â€œ take its course in destroying the wall. The central conflict does not come as an overt interaction, and the narrator’s treatment towards his neighbor is courteous in a sense. But, it is not on the whole, for his remarks about the neighbor are somewhat cold and contemptuous. The narrator likens his neighbor who dare not ‘go behind his father’s saying’ to a gloomy, prickling pine tree with its inedible ‘cones’. Then an image of an ‘armed old-stone savage’ is deployed to humiliate his incorrigible neighbor. Frost may be pointing out how a modern, revolutionary youth views conservatism in general, which is suggested as a step backward, a retreat into ‘darkness’. However, seeds of satire are also disseminated in the delineation of the rebelling narrator. The Fruit of Knowledge, which is compared to the revolutionary mind, is not only the cause of human intelligence but also that of human banishment from the Garden of Eden. Considering himself as civilized and assuming allegedly that his belief is unarguably correct, the narrator of the ‘Mending Wall’ is somehow driven by pride when he ridicules his neighbor as a prehistoric savage. Moreover, such premises as the eating of ‘cones’, the wandering of ‘cows’ and the uselessness of a ‘wall’ have their implication of materialism (Note that they are all materials and involve the gain/loss of benefits). Frost may intend to insert these defaults to make his subversive narrator less reliable and leave space for individual readers to judge according to their own favour. When finishing ‘Mending Wall’ it is possible to assert that the poem is a microcosm of our changing world in which ones are gradually separated from the others as a result of ones’ own bias, causing interminable gaps in human relationship. Portrayed in ‘Mending Wall’ are the narrator, the revolutionary mind, who assumes arrogantly his superiority to others and his neighbor, the conservative mind, who possesses indestructible sense of stubbornness. Frost has implied that the roots of all trouble indeed lie within these two egocentric characters. The wall itself stands as an ironic symbol of integration or reconciliation and does not account for the disintegration between the narrator and his neighbor. How to cite On ‘Mending Wall’ by Robert Frost, Papers

Metapath Company. Offers Evaluation

Metapath Company had been financed by both external and internal sources from the year 1995 up to 1997. The shares held were classified as common stock and preferred stock; the preferred stock was divided further into classes A, B, C and D. There was a slight variation of rights in these classes of shares. Classes A and B were held by non-owners while classes C and D were held by the owners of the company.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Metapath Company. Offers Evaluation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The total amounts available from the various shares as per the balance sheet were preferred stock class A $ 61, class B $ 976, class C $ 2, class D $ 7 and common stock $ 6. The price per share for the different classes was as follows, namely, preferred Class A $1.05, preferred class B $1.05, preferred class C $ 1.05, preferred class D $ 1.62 and common stock is 1.05. The capital structure and the total cap ital of Metapath Company influenced the offer price of Robertson and Stephens. The offer takes into consideration the rights of the various classes of share holders. It is along this line that they negotiate for a new class of preferred shares. The extra right to be attached to this class of shares is the right to participate in extra earnings of the company. RSC’s participating preferred stock is to earn dividends at the rate of the current preferred shares but the share has extra rights. A good example of these rights is the participating right of the shares. The participating right enables them to get a share of the excess earnings of the company similar to the owners of the company. I find RSC’s offer to Metapath attractive in terms of pricing. The only unattractive part of the offer are extra rights they have to acquire which are likely to dilute the ownership of Metapath Company. The shareholders of classes A, B, C and D will not be significantly affected by acce ptance of the offer. They will earn dividends at the same rates although the prices of their shares are likely to fall since unlike classes A, B, C and D, the new class E has an extra right that will attract a high demand. The high demand will cause a rise in its price while the prices of the other classes fall. The dividends of common stock holders are likely to reduce if the offer is accepted. The new class of shares will have a right to participate in the excess earnings of the company which were initially shared among common stock holders as dividends. Thus, there will be a significant reduction in the dividends of the owners of the company.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Celltech offer is reasonable as it comes with immediate advantages. It does not dilute the ownership of the company and it is likely to increase the market of Metapath Company. The price of th e offer also makes it reasonable and attractive. They should take into consideration the historic information available on the price of the shares of Celltech Company. The price has been rising all through. It will be fair to compute the average price over the years and use it as the current share price or use other computation methods that consider the rising price over the years. Some of the risks associated with the offer are the high competition in the telecommunication industry that may make the company go under as well as the fact that Celltech Company has not been in existence for a long time. This case study on Metapath Company. Offers Evaluation was written and submitted by user Haleigh Mendoza to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

DBQ on Political Parties in 1790 essays

DBQ on Political Parties in 1790 essays A political party is a group of people who seek to win elections and hold public office in order to shape government policy and programs. George Washington warned Americas people of the dangers of these separate parties in The Farewell Address an except is shown in Document 4. Washington opposed political parties because It agitates the community with ill-founded jealousies and false alarms; kindles the animosity of one party against another; foments[stirs up]...riot and insurrection [rebellion]. Political parties began to rise rapidly in the 1790s. Several issues being the cause. Alexander Hamilton, used the nations huge debts (owed to other countries and its own citizens) as an opportunity to push for the kind of national government that he wanted. He was a federalist, a supporter of strong national power, he had little faith in the people. He believed the constitution was not enough to preserve the new nation. After dealing with the south about his plan regarding the debts and assuming state debts, Hamilton created a tax on imported goods. A tax which Thomas Jefferson disagreed with. Document 3 is an excerpt from a letter written by Thomas Jefferson in December of 1794, speaking of Jeffersons perspective on this tax. He describes it as infernal [hellish] showing a deep disapproval. Many other Americans did not like Hamiltons plan because they did not want the federal government interfering with local and state affairs. This Federalist program suggested a return to monarchy. Jefferson began to obtain followers who agreed with his viewpoint, seeing Hamilton as a monarchist. Document 1 is an excerpt from a memo written by Thomas Jefferson, he says that Hamilton was [in support] of a monarchy [based upon] corruption. This attempt to return to aristocracy was seen by many as an assault on the hard-won liberty of the American people. ...

Free sample - Application Essay for the University of Connecticut.. translation missing

Application Essay for the University of Connecticut.. Application Essay for the University of Connecticut.Many students find it rather difficult to fit into new environments especially those different from the ones they were brought up in. For one to be an asset to any new society that he/she is introduced to, adapting to it comes in handy. Given my ability to blend well with strangers and new environments, I will settle down without any problems so that I can start making valuable contributions to the University of Connecticut community. I consider my communication skills a wonderful personality trump card because it enables me speak a common language with people from diverse backgrounds. The medical career will combine well with these personality traits because it basically entails interacting with people. My strong science background will go a long way in enabling me succeed in the profession. I derive pleasure from carrying out charity work. I intend to use this talent in helping members of the university community in any arena of l ife. I intend to use my ability to mobilize others around a particular course to rally my college mates around activities such as helping the less fortunate in the society with the few resources which will be at our disposal. Finally, am self motivated, an attribute that sees me undertake an activity for the enjoyment it provides, the learning it allows as well as the feelings of accomplishment it evokes. This will definitely ensure that I live up to what is expected of me in the new society without any supervision as well as any external rewards or reinforcements. Seldom do I get the driving force to pursue any activity from verbal praises or any other rewards and this is the reason why my motivation in every task hardly fades. This attribute is bound to see me undertake tasks which are time-limited, routine and unexciting, which other people may not enjoy in the new community. Intrinsic motivation enables people to make sustained progress toward significant goals, learn to take risks as well as explore and develop their potential to the fullest. In my view, this would be very good for the University of Connecticut community.

Poverty and Debt in Third World Countries that directly or indirectly Essay

Poverty and Debt in Third World Countries that directly or indirectly work to the benefit of developed countries and how the principles of Catholic Social Doctr - Essay Example In year 2000, the Church celebrated the Jubilee Year in the context of an escalating global debt crisis, mindful of the terrible price that the world's poor were paying for debts contracted by their governments without their knowledge, much less their consent. They are still paying, with blood, sweat and tears, seven years after Jubilee, despite the global movement against this debt burden. Jubilee USA3 has already stated, "don't owe, won't pay!" But despite the defiance, in real life, the poor are still paying for debts of the rich, and will continue to do so as long as their leaders and governments bow down before dictates of powerful multinationals and multilateral agencies including the IMF, WB and WTO. This is one almost overwhelming obstacle that the global poor have to overcome to free themselves from immoral and illegal debts. The Church's social teachings consider us all as members of the human community that have the right to human dignity and common good. But at the same time the Church "takes sides" by proclaiming its preferential option for the poor, especially vulnerable sectors such as women, children, and the elderly. This is especially true regarding the issue of debt. The overwhelming majority of people in poor countries suffer when so much of their resources are automatically channeled to debt servicing, instead of being used to fight poverty, ensure the delivery of basic services and generate more jobs, to mention only a few much needed programs. International Debt 3 For the poorest of the poor, debt was and still is literally a matter of life and death. Of all continents, Africa is probably the worst hit by the combined blows of poverty and debt, two problems that feed off each other. Africa managed to score a few victories in improving the people's health and lives, only to slide back due to structural adjustment programs imposed by the IMF-WB as a condition to approval of more loans for poor countries. "While many African countries succeeded in improving their health care systems in the first decades after independence, the intervention of the World Bank and IMF reversed this progress. In Kenya, for example, child mortality was reduced by almost 50% in the first two decades after independence in 1963. Across sub-Saharan Africa, the first decades after independence saw significant increases in life expectancy, from an average of 44 years to more than 50 years. In the 1980s and 1990s, however, African governments had to cede control over their economic decision-making in order to qualify for World Bank and IMF loans. The conditions attached to these loans undid much of the progress achieved in public health. The policies dictated by the World Bank and IMF exacerbated poverty, providing fertile ground for the spread of HIV/AIDS and other infectious International Debt 4 diseasesConsequently, during the past two decades, the life expectancy of Africans has dropped by 15 years." 4 No Relief from Debt Relief Many people pinned their hopes on debt relief, specifically on the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) initiative, which was set up for countries whose debts were quadruple their yearly export earnings that were usually channeled to

Marketing an Australian Wine to Hong Kong Wine Market Essay

Marketing an Australian Wine to Hong Kong Wine Market - Essay Example The growth in Hong Kong wine market is attributed to the abolishing of the duty on wine by the Hong Kong government. About 40% of the US$ 1.3bn worth of wine traded annually in London is bought by consumers in Hong Kong and China (Franz, 2008). Similarly, according to Parker (2010) a glass of wine raised by a Hong Kong resident is likely to have come from the Australian vineyard. The Australian wine industry considers Hong Kong as a major market. Because of the abolition of duties and taxes on wine in Hong Kong, exports from Australia to Hong Kong has increased manifold. Australia is an important source for high quality beverages including wine for Hong Kong’s restaurants. Hong Kong’s strategy to become the hub for wine trading in the Asian region presents opportunities for the Australian wine producers and for providers of wine-related services, like storage and auctioning (Dfat, 2010). Hong Kong enjoys locational advantage as far as wine auctions in the region are con cerned. The total wine auction sales in the region reached $160 million and now along with the United States, Hong Kong has become one of the two most important centers for wine auction (Hong Kong Digest, 2011). This is the reason that Australian wine makers, Brown Brothers, are eyeing Hong Kong to market its products. Hong Kong has the potential to influence trends in the region through events such as Wine and Spirits Fair which attracts audience from mainland China and other countries. Brown Brothers offers the most seasoned and diverse ranges of quality wine. Decrease in taxes makes cheaper wine popular (Asia Travel Tips, 2011). The Hong Kong youth between 21-28 years would prefer cheaper wines as they are yet to be established in life. Thus this study aims to evaluate marketing of wine to this segment. An external environmental analysis would help Brown Bothers understand and formulate the marketing strategy for Hong Kong. The external environment can be analyzed based on the po litical, economical, socio-cultural and legal environment, along with the wine sector in Hong Kong. Wine sector in Hong Kong Hong Kong’s alcoholic beverage market faced distortions because of the excessive duties on wines and spirits (APCO, 2010). The prices were artificially high and the local residents as well as the expatriates were forced to choose lower-quality beverages which impacted consumer choice. Hong Kong had very high level of taxation on wines compared to its neighbors and this increased illegal smuggling of alcoholic beverages. This caused loss of government tax revenue. The Hong Kong Wine & Spirits Industry Coalition (HKWSIC) used the services of APCO to represent the views of the consumers and the industry. Study and presentation of the results by APCO forced the Hong Kong government to abolish the taxation on wine products. External environment analysis Political environment Hong Kong is governed by the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Regio n of the People's Republic of China (Dfat, 2010). Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region and is a capitalist society enjoying high political stability. It has an ‘executive-led’ system inherited from the British Colonial Administration. The Chief executive is appointed by Beijing after election and has the power to initiate legislation (Dfat, 2010). There is limited democracy as it still follows the Basic Law approved in 1990.

Public Relations in Insurance Industry

Public Relations in Insurance Industry There are various definitions of Public Relations. Lee Edwards emphasize that there is no universally agreed definition of PR due to the fact that PR is used in a huge range of industries and in each one slightly different skills and competencies have emerged among practitioners (Tench and Yeomans, 2009:4) Overall we can distinguish between academic and practitioners public relations definitions. For the academic point of view, Harlow offered the next definition: Public relations is a distinctive management function which helps establish and maintain mutual lines of communication, understanding, acceptance and cooperation between an organization and its publics; involves the management of problems or issues; helps management to keep informed on and responsive to public opinions; defines and emphasizes the responsibility of management to serve the public interest; helps management keep abreast of and effectively utilize change; serving as an early warning system to help anticipate trends; and uses research and ethical communication techniques as its principal tools (Tench and Yeomans, 2009:4). It is a definition that covers most aspects of PR. On the other side practitioners use PR to substitute terms like corporate communications or organizational communication. During the first World Assembly of Public Relations Associations, in August of 1978 that was held in Mexico City the definition of public relations was developed as the art and social science of analyzing trends, predicting their consequences, counseling organizational leaders, and implementing planned programs of action, which will serve both the organization and the public interest. (Tench and Yeomans, 2009:6) What is insurance? If a layman needs to be explained what insurance is, it is all about managing risks on behalf of others. One of the most popular forms of insurance, life insurance, the insurance company makes an attempt to manage the death rates of its clients. The insurance company charges premiums from the policyholders and then invests the money in other low risk investments. The money, along with benefits is paid to the policyholder on maturity or to the beneficiaries in case of death of the policyholder. Insurance companies use demographic data to make life estimates of policyholders. Characteristics like age, sex and smoking and drinking habits are taken into consideration to decide on the premium amount. Shorter the life estimate, higher is the premium payable. For other forms of insurance like health, property, automobile etc., the same rule applies. In the year 1999 in the United States, the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act legislated that banks, insurance and brokerage firms and various other types of financial institutions can join together and offer their customers more varied and complete range of services. As a result of this act, especially in the insurance industry, there have been some major mergers and acquisitions. In the past some years, the majority of the liability insurance underwriting in the US insurance industry has been through the bigger firms while these firms have been busy acquiring other smaller insurance firms. (The Industry Handbook: The Insurance Industry) Why PR: Insurance companies are not charitable organizations. While managing risk, they also look to make profits. The industry is one of the most competitive in the world with multiple companies vying for a place in the market. It is not uncommon to find new entrants coming in from time to time. To maintain their foothold, existing insurance companies are required to come up with new products very now and then. Insurance companies are also governed by strict rules and legislations and are required to publish their financial results as and when the law states. It is also common knowledge that the insurance industry receives a lot of flak from policyholders, former employees and the media. Hence, the role of public relations in the insurance industry is of utmost importance. Unlike other fields in insurance, PR requires specialization in this field because it is a critical job in the industry. Social and economic impact of PR: The social impact of public relations is quite clearly visible. This line of job is totally concerned with communicating with the public and the media. The power exerted by public relations as a socially-embedded profession is a focus for increasing numbers of scholars in the field. Critical approaches to public relations examine the manner in which the profession sustains or generates social inequity and include theoretical critiques of scholarly work by industry frontrunners like Aldoory and Pieczka. In addition to these and other works focusing on specific aspects of public relations, there have been broader analyses of public relations and its influence on society and the discussion is still evolving. (Bridgen Liz, Emotional labour and the pursuit of personal branding:   Public relations practitioners use of social media) The economic impact of public relations has received less attention that it deserves because it has always been looked upon as a service industry. The economic impact of PR from induced economic output of PR vis-à  -vis buyer and seller transactions is completely different from the reliable figures. Till now, the calculation of economic impact of PR was done in the same way as it was done for the advertising industry. Both were considered as capital intensive activities but the fact is that PR is more of a labor intensive activity. In order to calculate the economic impact of PR, a three step process is required Identify the number of professionals in the industry. Estimate their annual CTC. Adopt an economic multiplier which accounts for the increased productivity delivered by those professionals, as it would seem senseless for an organization to invest resources in activities whose final value is considered equal to or lower than their gross costs. Falconi Toni M. (2006) Public Relations and the Insurance Industry Scope From the findings stated already, it seems quite natural that the insurance industry needs PR specialists. There are many companies that outsource their PR to professional PR firms but there are many more that have an in house team of PR specialists. PR is a specialized job that can only be handled by professionals who have done a specialized course in this field. While a PR professional has the potential to make it big in the insurance industry and earn good money, there are some social and economic contexts that must be cleared right in the beginning. The social impact of PR is difficult to measure in monetary terms but given the volatile publicity that insurance companies receive, it is vital for them to employ PR professionals who can handle the outside world well. The inner workings of the insurance industry are always under the scanner and speculations are always rife about what happens and what does not happen. It is the job of a PR specialist to handle the public, the lawmakers and the media. The insurance industry, considered by many as a faceless, giant behemoth, needs a human face to show the world. What the world likes to see is a smiling, confident face that can handle the accolades as well as the accusations. As for the economic impact, the calculations can be done but again, monetary terms matter less in PR. Some people may question the amount paid to PR professionals but the fact remains that these are specialized people who are the face of the industry. Whether it is disseminating information, getting the publicity done or handling the pressure from the people outside the industry, it is the PR professionals who do the work for the insurance industry. As stated above and reiterated, specialization is the key. Public Relations What is required and what is expected? Important requirements for PR professionals: Public relations is all about interaction and communication of various forms. There are some basic qualities that are required by PR professionals. Effective communication Effective communication is a must for PR professionals. One must be able to think on your feet and respond. There is no scope for reaction. It is important to remember that speaking the truth bluntly may not be the best policy in a PR job. One needs to be honest but tactical at the same time. What is important is a strong vocabulary and body language. Assertion is a key and it is important to know where to draw the line. It is important to remember that people out there are ready to pounce and being an extrovert and a charismatic personality is very useful. A PR professionals job is not to alienate people even in the most trying circumstances. If you cannot endear them, at least dont make enemies out of them. Effective communication in PR means reaching out and touching people of different age groups, different demographics and different social strata. Depending on the PR announcement one is making, the language needs to be fine tuned according to the audiences capability. For example, a group of bachelors would not be interested if the PR professional kept harping on the fact that insurance is for families. They need to be told about savings that could help them in future. A degree A professional Bachelors degree is a must for a PR job. One cannot expect to find a job in PR just because he or she can speak clearly. There are intricacies associated with a PR professionals job and only a professional degree can teach the tricks of the trade. Some people also opt for a Masters degree in PR and further enhance their knowledge and skill. Starting from the beginning One needs to be a go getter to become a PR professional and the learning starts from the college. People usually fritter away time during long vacations. Those who want to make PR a career spend their time doing internships with professional PR firms so that learn the skills needed for this industry. It is common to see future PR professionals getting engaged in college fests and annual events. It is here that the learning starts and it helps massively in ones future career. Industry knowledge When someone is applying for a PR job in the insurance industry, a knowledge of the industry is a must have. When appearing for an interview, the incumbent is expected to know about the insurance industry and the role of PR in the industry. As mentioned above, PR is very important in the insurance industry and only those who exhibit adequate knowledge are chosen. There is no honeymoon period even during the interview. The role starts right inside the interview room. (Gaikwad R. Education PR Know the Skills and Qualifications That Make a Successful PR Professional. Singleton A. How Do you Get a Graduate Job in Pr? Spring D. Pr People Stand Out From the Crowd.) Qualities of PR professionals: As a PR professional, one needs to meet the expectations and demands from both the employer and the audience. A PR professional cannot afford to endear someone and alienate someone else. It is said that it is not possible to make everyone happy and this is precisely the challenge that a PR professional faces. Often there is a dilemma should I keep my employer happy or should I keep the press people happy? Those who manage both sides do well as PR professionals. Be optimistic What a company looks in its PR professional is optimism. The situation may be at its worst but the PR professional needs to maintain a steady and professional demeanor and go ahead with the job. A never say die attitude is a must for someone working in the PR department. Walk the walk and talk the talk Practicing what one preaches is important in a PR role. It is important to remember that a PR professional is the face of the company and if the company does not follow what it states, the PR person faces the music. As a PR professional, it is important to be clear about everything, policies and practices, before facing the world outside and communicating. Be assertive and extrovert PR is such a job that one cannot afford not to be assertive and extrovert. The former quality allows one to draw the line as and when required while the latter quality helps one maintain good relations with the company as well as the media and the public. Be honest Honesty is a very good policy. Blunt truth does not always work in a PR role but dishonesty is a complete no-no. What is required is effective communication skill and the ability to play around with words. Be helpful Going that extra mile is a great quality for PR professionals. A helpful attitude always helps, especially when communicating bad news. Be knowledgeable The employer will expect its PR professionals to have knowledge about, well, almost everything. Knowledge about current affairs and global news is a must. One never knows which question to expect during a press conference. Even if the PR professional is not aware of some or the other topic, the communication has to be tactful. (Henderson J. Ten, Essential Qualities for Success as a Freelance PR Consultant.) Meeting the demands: What the employer demands from its PR professional is a lot of tact and inter-personal skills. The PR person communicates all types of news and a professional demeanor along with a pleasing personality is what the employer expects. As for the outside world, a PR person is expected to be honest and open and an affable person. When someone has these qualities along with a professional degree, a PR job is tailor-made for that person. As Bill Prickett of APR says that during meltdown of US economy when unemployment is out of control it is only the profession public relation experts and executives who would be able to provide the much-needed expertise and support in critical business areas like Encourage the employees Employ constant, consistent communication Embody the conscience (VandeVrede L., A bad economy demands great PR) PR: When and why is it used? Public relations covers many areas, but there are three important fields where public relations is really important. Financial public relations The role of PR here is to provide company information to business reporters and analysts. The insurance industry is one of the largest in the world and handles a lot of money, money belonging to the policyholders and money belonging to the shareholders. Like any other industry, companies in the insurance industry need to publish their financial results at times specified. A PR professional is often given the job of making the financial announcements and handle questions from the audience. Product public relations PR here is used as an alternative to advertising. This area mainly covers publicity for new products and services. Unlike advertisements, the role of the PR professionals is not to come into the limelight. A PR persons job is to make the announcement and handle the questions from the audience. Publicity and branding are important criteria in this part of a PR professionals job. Insurance companies often need to come up with new products because of the intense competition in the market. Before the advertisements blitz the media world, the PR team makes a quiet entry and makes the announcement to those who matter. Crisis public relations This is one of the most challenging areas in PR. This area covers the response to any negative publicity that the company faces. Insurance industry as a whole receives a lot of negative publicity from people who are not associated with the industry. There are lawsuits filed almost every day and the press tends to highlight even minor issues. The job of a PR professional is to act as a cushion and blunt all these attacks. As stated by Bob Kelly, a former DPR of Coca Cola and a PR expert public relations indeed packs a punch, but only when its based on a solid foundation. According to him it is the very fundamental premise of PR. He says as generally people act on their own observation of the facts and behaves accordingly in different situations one can handle the situation on the basis of the perception. It is therefore very important for the PR executives to create, modify or strengthen the clients opinion by reaching, convincing and moving-to-desired-action in a way that helps the organization in achieving its goal. According to Kelly this ensures that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ the public relations mission is accomplished. (Kelly Robert A. Why PR Packs a Punch.) PR: Key Tactics When it comes to PR in the insurance industry, there are some key tactical areas one needs to focus on. Insurance as a product is quite complex for the layman. As a PR professional, one will find different types of people in the audience. Some people will be absolutely ignorant and others will have varying degrees of knowledge about the industry. As a PR person, it is important to be able to reach out and address all the different people in the audience. This is where the skill comes into the picture. The goals of the PR campaign must be identified in advance. Setting a goal may sound a little tough when one is fresh in the insurance PR job but gradually, the idea will set in. When the goal is planned in advance, it makes life much easier. The PR person can then keep the goal in mind and work towards achieving it. All the paths to the goal will gradually fall in place and the entire process will be smooth. The second tactic is to totally understand the objectives of the PR campaign. Before one faces the audience, absolute knowledge of the topic and associated ideas should be well within ones grasp. From the venue to the audience to the speech everything needs to be planned well in advance. Invitations need to be sent out and the press release has to be marketed. This is when a PR professional is supposed to have done a good job. The message that is sent to the public, lawmakers and the media must be clear and concise. It is important to remember that a PR persons job is not to hog the limelight. The PR person should ideally deliver the message, answer questions and then gradually fade away. If the PR campaign is about disseminating the financial information of the company, the finance people can then take over. If it is about declaring a new product or service, the advertisements should do the follow up. If it is about communicating some bad news or handling some negative publicity about the company, the lawyers should take over. What the PR person needs to do is present facts and data honestly and ensure that the audience is not alienated. There are some innovative PR persons who dwell into the social fields that earn a name for the company. It is very common to see insurance companies partner not for profit and charitable organizations to take up social causes. The job of the PR professional is to advertise and publicize any such campaign and put the insurance company in a positive light. As has been mentioned again and again, insurance companies are often held in negative light and it is important to highlight the good deeds as much as possible. Of course, being in PR and having a good contact list always pays. If a PR person has good media relations, it works wonders for the insurance company. PR professionals are often invited to participate in TV debate shows and are asked to write columns in newspapers and magazines. Through these channels, PR professionals can publicize their company. The insurance company on the other hand gets free publicity without spending a dime. Social and ethical implications of PR in the insurance industry Customer relationship management Customers of insurance companies are spoilt for riches. There are simply too many options to choose from. And it is common knowledge that retaining customers is any day less expensive than acquiring customers. While it is important for insurance companies to acquire new customers, much more important is retaining existing customers. It is the existing customers that give new business either by buying new policies or by referring others to the insurance company. A PR professionals job is to keep customers happy. There are many ideas about how this can be achieved. What is absolutely important is connecting with customers. Whether it is about disseminating information or bad news, a PR person has to connect to customers in such a way that they actually feel proud to be associated with the organization in good times and feel accountable and empathetic during bad times. Promotion One of the key social implications of insurance PR is marketing and advertisement. Insurance companies today engage in various social activities by partnering with charitable organizations. The PR person must ensure that any such activity is publicized. A social cause attracts more attention than some glitzy ad that showcases a new product or service. Through positive visibility, insurance companies get the required attention and are put in a positive light by the public. There are some critics who continue to raise their brows and comment that all the social work is a gimmick. But the majority of the public tends to think high of any insurance company when they see the company associated with some form of social cause. Ethics Any company that is ethical tends to do well. Contrary to what some part of the outside world thinks, insurance companies dont earn their bread by cheating policyholders. There have been some instances over the years where people have felt cheated but those cases are a flash in the pan. Most insurance companies have their policies in place and they try their level best to help people by staying within the policies. Insurance companies have a profit motive in mind. They earn their bread by giving service to people and taking risks on their behalf. It would be unfair to brand them as anything but honest. As a PR person, it is vitally important to project this image of the company. And to achieve this, the PR person needs to be ethical himself or herself. PR codes of ethics Codes of ethics may be established by employers or by professional organizations. There are various codes of ethics but adoption of a code of ethics does not automatically bring morality to a calling. Generally, having a code reflects a sincere desire to raise standards of ethical practice and to provide criteria to guide and judge individual behavior (Cutlip and Centers, 2009:152). Ethical Public Relations is not an Oxymoron The companys conscience most often determines the role of the PR desk. It is a very important job albeit not the most popular one. (Van Hook Steven R. Ethical Public Relations: Not an Oxymoron) Praise of Secrecy Peter OMalley asks us to stop the deception that is completely muddle headed. When it comes to honesty, truth, integrity and accuracy, this is not PR ethics are grounded. (OMalley P. In Praise of Secrecy) PR Disasters The Truth Gerry McCusker says that public relations jobs these days just perpetuate PR disasters while earlier on, public relations professionals were supposed to fix them. (McCusker G. The Truth About PR Disasters) It is also said that the prevailing state of ethics in PR practice depends greatly on codes of ethics practiced by leading professional PR associations. One can voluntarily join these associations or groups to practice this concept of ethical public relations. Here you need to abide by a code of conduct that may include a set of forbidden activities and some ethical principles. (Bowen Shannon A. Ethics and Public Relations.) Summary: One cannot deny the importance of Public Relation today. With new industries coming up everyday this specialized field is evolving at a fast rate. As PR executives in an insurance company you will be facing government organizations and personnel, nonprofit or nongovernment organizations, educational institutions, athletic teams, industries, corporations, entertainment companies, and even nations. So, under the broader umbrella of the term PR you may have to work as a publicist, analyst, media specialist, as well as communications specialist. The insurance industry has always needed PR professionals ever since PR as a profession came into being. The insurance industry has the tendency to stay in the limelight for right as well as wrong reasons. Whether it is about garnering positive publicity or dousing negative publicity, PR professionals, over the years, have been the face of the insurance industry and handled the general public, lawmakers and the media. PR is the human face of the insurance industry and it is the PR professionals that act as customer service representatives, corporate communication specialists and media sources. Data shows that the demand for the number of PR professionals in the insurance industry is still higher than the supply. For fresh graduates who earn their degree in PR, there is immense opportunity in this industry. This is one profession that needs specialists and ordinary graduates are not really wanted in the PR field. Very few people choose PR as their discipline and fewer still are really able to make it big. Those who are smart and suave, have excellent communication skills, have great contacts with the outside world are cut out for PR jobs. If you are someone who has all these qualities and have the ambition to make it big in the insurance PR field, then we wish you all the best. If you have reached this portion of this manual, we hope you now have a fairly good idea about this industry and what you really need to have and need to do.

Should the Coast be Managed?

Every year land is both lost and gained in coastal areas due to physical processes, including the action of the sea. Much time and money is spent in an attempt to limit the change, seen as â€Å"damage†, that occurs. More advanced methods of coastal defence are tested and put into place and research is carried out. Yet coastal management remains as a piece-meal approach, with different areas of coast dealt with using widely varying methods, some of which are the cause of this â€Å"damage† further along the coast. â€Å"Coastal defences, by their very nature, disrupt the natural processes operating on the coastline† (www. orth-norfolk. gov. uk) and it is this fundamental fact that should be considered by all those responsible for coastal management. Although this disruption is sometimes intentional, often it is not and thus more coastal defences must be put in place in order to correct the harm done by the original scheme. Conversely, there exists much land that is considered to be valuable in terms of its economic, social and environmental significance. It may seem a waste to simply watch this land being taken by the sea when there are preventative measures that can be employed. This essay will look at why the coast is protected, from what, and will give some examples of how as well as the advantages and disadvantages of coastal management strategies including taking no action against the work of the sea. The uses of the coastal area are numerous and diverse, making it difficult to prioritise on what should and should not warrant protection. Land that is situated close to the sea is often the location of homes with a high economic value in addition to the obvious emotional attachment of the owners. Historically valuable features such as buildings or monuments are important in terms of heritage and in turn tourism. Land that provides an income, i. e. farmland and camping ground is often situated along the coast and due to the natural beauty of coastal areas, attracts tourists as well as being aesthetically appealing for those that live close to it. Another natural feature is, of course, the precious habitats that are contained by the cliffs, and the scientific interest in those habitats. Settlements were originally located close to the sea for the purpose of transport and for many coastal locations, the import and export of both people and goods remains their principal function. Indeed, it is estimated that around 60 percent of the global population live within 50 km of the sea (Briggs, Smithson, Addison and Atkinson 1997). Consequently all of these activities and uses have strong arguments as to why they justify the time, expense and risk of affecting other locations in a detrimental way, that coastal defence schemes entail. The purpose of this essay is not to evaluate which of these is the most deserving but simply to acknowledge that all of these valuable features can be found in coastal locations and are therefore at risk from erosion by the sea. The processes that affect the coastline involve the action of the sea against the vulnerable beach and cliffs. Waves attack the coast in two fundamental ways. Firstly waves are formed and their energy increased by a combination of wind, tide and current. The force of this wave action is often enough to cause fractures in the rock and sometimes failures and de-stabilization through the trapping of air. The structure and geology are obviously major contributing factors when the severity of â€Å"damage† is considered. The second way in which the waves attack the coastline is really a strengthening of the first method and this is by the transport of sediments in the water. A wave that is carrying material that it has eroded or that is originally from the seabed has more power to potentially erode. This shoreline abrasion relies on both wave energy as well as a supply of material with which to attack (Summerfield 1991). Another coastal process is weathering which also occurs inland but is exacerbated at the coast due to the very nature of the area. This includes the wetting and drying cycles and also the existence of salt. Salt weathering has a greater effect on rock that can absorb seawater as this allows the salt to penetrate the rock and so work on its structure as opposed to only the external surfaces. Coastal defences obviously do not directly combat weathering as even if the land behind is protected from the sea, salt is ubiquitous and so will still reach it. So it is this persistent force from which the shoreline is, in some locations, protected. The methods used in this protection vary in construction and purpose but also in their efficiency, with each method exhibiting both positive and negative aspects. The best defence against erosion†¦ by the sea is a natural wide beach topped off at the inshore end with either high deep sand dunes or a shingle bank† (www. north-norfolk. gov. uk). Unfortunately not every coastal location has this advantage either for natural reasons or where the beach material has been removed for human use, for example building. In the case where there is erosion occurring and shoreline assets are threatened, artificial defences are put into place. One example of a coastal engineering method is the sea wall. These were widely used in the early stages of coastline management and some modern designs have since emerged which now play a major role in defence from the sea. The sea wall is intended to reflect the wave away from the land behind as opposed to a natural beach which absorbs and dissipates the wave energy. Another form that is frequently seen is the utilization of groynes. Groynes prevent the loss of beach material by creating an obstacle. They also encourage the build-up of sediment by interrupting and thus slowing the inshore tidal current. Combined, this means that there is a â€Å"natural† defence in the form of a more substantial beach in order to dissipate wave energy, consequently less erosion occurs at that particular site (see figure 1). Revetments are another commonly employed type of defence, constructed mainly from wood or concrete. The idea is that a surface sloping towards the beach dissipates wave energy meaning that less energy is available for erosion and also that sediment builds up in front of the revetment (www. north-norfolk. gov. uk). Type of defence Cost per metre (i) Revetment 500 Seawall 5000 Groyne 1000 There are, of course, many more coastal engineering methods but for the purpose of this essay, only three have been outlined. All methods, however, have their advantages and disadvantages. Management of the coastline in the UK, in terms of erosion, is generally taken as a piece-meal approach. That is to say each area is dealt with almost in isolation, and only relatively recently have the r elevant authorities become aware that the interference in one place is likely to have a considerable effect on another, further along the coast. An example of this is the implementation of groynes. The prevention of material loss and the subsequent build-up of sediment through interruption of the inshore tidal current can, in some cases, starve beaches further along, of the material that is required to maintain size and stability. So although one area is benefiting and a â€Å"problem† being solved, other areas can lose out and thus another problem is created. Conversely if groynes are correctly designed, they can work very well and they essentially do exactly what they are designed to. As many were constructed before it was realised that harm could be caused as well as good, the knock-on effects were not taken into account. Modern groynes are designed to be permeable in order that some sediment may pass through them and reach beaches further along. These have been used successfully on the north Norfolk coast where erosion and its prevention is of great significance. Sea walls work best on large beaches, where the sea only reaches the highest point of the beach during a storm (www. orth-norfolk. gov. uk). Then, should it happen that high tide and a storm coincide, the land behind the sea wall is protected from flooding and erosion. Sea walls require regular maintenance such as in the case of Ostend in north Norfolk, where annual maintenance is required (see figure 2 for approximate cost of initial building of sea defences). In addition to the costliness, there exists the situation of beach scouring caused by the waves reflected from the sea wall. This can, over time, lead to the collapse of the wall but also means that valuable sediment is being taken away from the beach – so reducing what little natural defence there was. A controversial approach to coastal management is that of leaving it to nature. This â€Å"do nothing† strategy has been adopted in numerous locations on the north Norfolk coast, including the area between Cromer and Overstrand where the present groynes are not being maintained and will eventually fail and be removed (see figure 3). A variation of this â€Å"do nothing† policy is the so-called managed retreat. This is where, again, the existing defences are no longer maintained or their maintenance is limited but in some locations a method of soft engineering is employed for example beach replenishment. The issues surrounding these types of â€Å"management† are not as simple as may be first thought. For example the financial benefit arising from either no defence being put in place or no longer maintaining the existing defence seems rather insignificant when the loss of valuable assets is taken into consideration. It is, however, almost completely natural, with material that is eroded form one location being accreted at another. The natural processes are, in this way, allowed to continue and the lack of interference would eventually ensure that there are no negative consequences at other locations as a result of coastal defence action. Despite this, it must be considered that once action is taken to defend the coast from the erosive power of the sea, it creates an issue as to at what point the management should cease and where. To suddenly no longer protect an area of coast may generate new problems and perhaps more expense. So the proposal of an integrated shoreline management strategy seems appealing. This is looked at in much depth by Karen Nichols in her paper â€Å"Coming to terms with Integrated Coastal Management†. Fundamentally, it would involve the linkage of all areas of the coastline in terms of action taken upon them. One possible solution could consist of a review followed by the implementation of a fully integrated coastal defence scheme combined with managed retreat. If this was undertaken on a national scale, with the co-ordination of all resources and authorities, perhaps loss of important assets and further damage in the course of protecting those assets would gradually be reduced to a minimum. It seems to be that the protection of our coastal locations will remain a much-debated issue, with the needs and wants of people contrasting greatly with the power of the sea's natural activities. It is interesting that the focus of coastal management is to reduce coastal erosion yet it is the erosion of coastal land that supplies the beach with much of its material. As discussed earlier, a natural beach is the best form of shoreline defence†¦.. In conclusion it can be said that coastal protection is essential in certain localities but that it is an integrated management plan that will be most likely to succeed.

Sewing Machines Believed to Contain Red Mercury

Do you have an old Singer sewing machine? If so, it may be worth $50,000. BBC reported on a sewing machine hoax in Saudia Arabia in which people rushed to buy old Singer sewing machines based on the belief that they might contain red mercury. No one knows for sure where the rumor started, much less the more curious rumor that you can hold your mobile phone up to a sewing machine to somehow detect the presence of red mercury. The story goes you will lose your signal if you hold your phone up to the needle of a sewing machine that contains red mercury. What Is Red Mercury? Its a fabled substance that might be used to produce nuclear weapons, ward off evil spirits, or help you find treasure, depending on who you ask. There is no real proof that red mercury exists, except perhaps as cinnabar or vermillion (HgS) or mercury(II) iodide, either of which you can purchase sans sewing machine for a much lower price. Still, if you have your old Singer up for auction at eBay, it might fetch a higher price than you were expecting. If youre considering buying an old Singer, save your pennies until after the scam has run its course. Sources Lee, Rensselaer (May 1997). Smuggling update. The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. 53 (3): 53. ISSN 0096-3402Obhoà °as, Jasmina; Sudac, Davorin; Blagus, Sasa; Valkovic, Vladivoj (2007). Analysis of an object assumed to contain Red Mercury. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B. 261 (1–2): 922–924. doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2007.04.015

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